Document the multi-user installer some
Use sh <(...) syntax for installation to preserve stdin and prompting also update installation docs to account for changes in multi-user selection
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Graham Christensen
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f66fa7cd20
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c3e508d924
2 changed files with 147 additions and 47 deletions
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@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ bundle.</para>
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<step><para>Set the environment variable and install Nix</para>
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<screen>
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$ export NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/ssl/my-certificate-bundle.crt
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$ curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
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$ sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
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</screen></step>
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<step><para>In the shell profile and rc files (for example,
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@ -6,13 +6,30 @@
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<title>Installing a Binary Distribution</title>
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<para>If you are using Linux or macOS, the easiest way to install
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Nix is to run the following command:
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<para>If you are using Linux or macOS, the easiest way to install Nix
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is to run the following command:
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<screen>
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$ bash <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
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$ sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
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</screen>
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As of Nix 2.1.0, the Nix installer will always default to creating a
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single-user installation, however opting in to the multi-user
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installation is highly recommended.
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</para>
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<section xml:id="sect-single-user-installation">
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<title>Single User Installation</title>
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<para>
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To explicitly select a single-user installation on your system:
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<screen>
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sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install) --no-daemon
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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This will perform a single-user installation of Nix, meaning that
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<filename>/nix</filename> is owned by the invoking user. You should
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run this under your usual user account, <emphasis>not</emphasis> as
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@ -33,51 +50,8 @@ and <filename>.profile</filename> to source
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the <command>NIX_INSTALLER_NO_MODIFY_PROFILE</command> environment
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variable before executing the install script to disable this
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behaviour.
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</para>
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<!--
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<para>You can also manually download and install a binary package.
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Binary packages of the latest stable release are available for Fedora,
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Debian, Ubuntu, macOS and various other systems from the <link
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xlink:href="http://nixos.org/nix/download.html">Nix homepage</link>.
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You can also get builds of the latest development release from our
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<link
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xlink:href="http://hydra.nixos.org/job/nix/master/release/latest-finished#tabs-constituents">continuous
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build system</link>.</para>
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<para>For Fedora, RPM packages are available. These can be installed
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or upgraded using <command>rpm -U</command>. For example,
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<screen>
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$ rpm -U nix-1.8-1.i386.rpm</screen>
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</para>
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<para>For Debian and Ubuntu, you can download a Deb package and
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install it like this:
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<screen>
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$ dpkg -i nix_1.8-1_amd64.deb</screen>
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</para>
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-->
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<para>You can also download a binary tarball that contains Nix and all
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its dependencies. (This is what the install script at
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<uri>https://nixos.org/nix/install</uri> does automatically.) You
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should unpack it somewhere (e.g. in <filename>/tmp</filename>), and
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then run the script named <command>install</command> inside the binary
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tarball:
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<screen>
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alice$ cd /tmp
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alice$ tar xfj nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin.tar.bz2
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alice$ cd nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin
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alice$ ./install
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>You can uninstall Nix simply by running:
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@ -86,5 +60,131 @@ $ rm -rf /nix
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</screen>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="sect-multi-user-installation">
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<title>Multi User Installation</title>
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<para>
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The multi-user Nix installation creates system users, and a system
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service for the Nix daemon.
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<title>Supported Systems</title>
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<listitem>
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<para>Linux running systemd, with SELinux disabled</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>macOS</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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You can instruct the installer to perform a multi-user
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installation on your system:
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<screen>
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sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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The multi-user installation of Nix will create build users between
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the user IDs 30001 and 30032, and a group with the group ID 30000.
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You should run this under your usual user account,
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<emphasis>not</emphasis> as root. The script will invoke
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<command>sudo</command> as needed.
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</para>
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<note><para>
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If you need Nix to use a different group ID or user ID set, you
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will have to download the tarball manually and <link
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linkend="sect-nix-install-binary-tarball">edit the install
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script</link>.
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</para></note>
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<para>
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The installer will modify <filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>, and
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<filename>/etc/zshrc</filename> if they exist. The installer will
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first back up these files with a
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<literal>.backup-before-nix</literal> extension. The installer
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will also create <filename>/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</filename>.
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</para>
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<para>You can uninstall Nix with the following commands:
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<screen>
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sudo rm -rf /etc/profile/nix.sh /etc/nix /nix ~root/.nix-profile ~root/.nix-defexpr ~root/.nix-channels ~/.nix-profile ~/.nix-defexpr ~/.nix-channels
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# If you are on Linux with systemd, you will need to run:
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sudo systemctl stop nix-daemon.socket
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sudo systemctl stop nix-daemon.service
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sudo systemctl disable nix-daemon.socket
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sudo systemctl disable nix-daemon.service
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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# If you are on macOS, you will need to run:
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sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist
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sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist
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</screen>
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There may also be references to Nix in
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<filename>/etc/profile</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/bashrc</filename>, and
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<filename>/etc/zshrc</filename> which you may remove.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="sect-nix-install-pinned-version-url">
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<title>Installing a pinned Nix version from a URL</title>
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<para>
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NixOS.org hosts version-specific installation URLs for all Nix
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versions since 1.11.16, at
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<literal>https://nixos.org/releases/nix/nix-VERSION/install</literal>.
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</para>
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<para>
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These install scripts can be used the same as the main
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NixOS.org installation script:
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<screen>
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sh <(curl https://nixos.org/nix/install)
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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In the same directory of the install script are sha256 sums, and
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gpg signature files.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="sect-nix-install-binary-tarball">
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<title>Installing from a binary tarball</title>
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<para>
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You can also download a binary tarball that contains Nix and all
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its dependencies. (This is what the install script at
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<uri>https://nixos.org/nix/install</uri> does automatically.) You
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should unpack it somewhere (e.g. in <filename>/tmp</filename>),
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and then run the script named <command>install</command> inside
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the binary tarball:
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<screen>
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alice$ cd /tmp
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alice$ tar xfj nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin.tar.bz2
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alice$ cd nix-1.8-x86_64-darwin
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alice$ ./install
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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If you need to edit the multi-user installation script to use
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different group ID or a different user ID range, modify the
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variables set in the file named
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<filename>install-multi-user</filename>.
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</para>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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