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nixpkgs/doc/preface.chapter.md
Chris Pick e78516b950 doc: consistently use nixpkgs-unstable and "nixpkgs repository" 
Rename channel `nixpkgs` to `nixpkgs-unstable`. Based on the
[repo branches](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/branches)
and [channel status](https://status.nixos.org) I don't believe there is
a `nixpkgs` channel.  This confused me as a Nixpkgs beginner.
Rename to `nixpkgs-unstable`, which does exist.

Refer to "nixpkgs repository" consitently.  Make the capitalization and
"code quoting" consistent when referring to the repository itself.
2024-01-30 13:19:17 -05:00

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Preface

The Nix Packages collection (Nixpkgs) is a set of thousands of packages for the Nix package manager, released under a permissive MIT license. Packages are available for several platforms, and can be used with the Nix package manager on most GNU/Linux distributions as well as NixOS.

This document is the user reference manual for Nixpkgs. It describes entire public interface of Nixpkgs in a concise and orderly manner, and all relevant behaviors, with examples and cross-references.

To discover other kinds of documentation:

Overview of Nixpkgs

Nix expressions describe how to build packages from source and are collected in the nixpkgs repository. Also included in the collection are Nix expressions for NixOS modules. With these expressions the Nix package manager can build binary packages.

Packages, including the Nix packages collection, are distributed through channels. The collection is distributed for users of Nix on non-NixOS distributions through the channel nixpkgs-unstable. Users of NixOS generally use one of the nixos-* channels, e.g. nixos-22.11, which includes all packages and modules for the stable NixOS 22.11. Stable NixOS releases are generally only given security updates. More up to date packages and modules are available via the nixos-unstable channel.

Both nixos-unstable and nixpkgs-unstable follow the master branch of the nixpkgs repository, although both do lag the master branch by generally a couple of days. Updates to a channel are distributed as soon as all tests for that channel pass, e.g. this table shows the status of tests for the nixpkgs-unstable channel.

The tests are conducted by a cluster called Hydra, which also builds binary packages from the Nix expressions in Nixpkgs for x86_64-linux, i686-linux and x86_64-darwin. The binaries are made available via a binary cache.

The current Nix expressions of the channels are available in the nixpkgs repository in branches that correspond to the channel names (e.g. nixos-22.11-small).